Question

Renu observed that as a stone of mass 1kg falls freely from a height 1m, its potential energy gets converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, its potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases. As the stone touches the ground, all its potential energy is converted to the kinetic energy.

Differentiate between kinetic energy and potential energy with relevant formulas and examples.

Imagine a rocket named Vayu-1 that is designed for a space mission. The rocket has a mass of 5,000 kg and is launched from the Earth's surface. The rocket engine produces a constant thrust of 60,000 N. The rocket accelerates vertically upward through the atmosphere. During the ascent, the rocket's engines provide thrust for the first 30 seconds. After that, the rocket continues its motion with a constant velocity due to the thrust being cut off.

A force of 10 N is applied to a mass of 2 kg at rest. What will be its velocity after 5 seconds?