Question

Explain in brief the function of an electric fuse in a domestic circuit. An electric heater of current rating 3 kW; 220 V is to be operated in an electric circuit of rating 5 A. What is likely to happen when the heater is switched 'ON' ? Justify your answer with necessary calculation.

When electric current flows in a purely resistive circuit electrical energy gets fully converted into heat energy. The amount of heat produced (H) in the circuit is found to be directly proportional to (i) the square of current (I²) (ii) the resistance (R) of the conductor and (iii) the time (t) for which current flows. In other words H = I²Rt. Electrical devices such as an electric fuse, electric heater, electric iron etc. are all based on this effect called heating effect of electric current.

When electric current flows in a purely resistive circuit electrical energy gets fully converted into heat energy. The amount of heat produced (H) in the circuit is found to be directly proportional to (i) the square of current (I²) (ii) the resistance (R) of the conductor and (iii) the time (t) for which current flows. In other words H = I²Rt. Electrical devices such as an electric fuse, electric heater, electric iron etc. are all based on this effect called heating effect of electric current.

Assertion (A): A fuse is always connected in parallel with the main circuit. Reason (R): A fuse is used to prevent overloading in a circuit.

House fuses play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and functionality of home electrical infrastructure and appliances. It acts as a protective device which is designed to interrupt the flow of electric currents which can restrict and prevent any overload when a short circuit happens in the house. This is the measure which prevents potential damage which can cause serious accidents or even death So every house has a house fuse, and they are the very essential components of an electrical system. They have a metal wire that is in a protective case. The main function of this is to safeguard by breaking all the circuit if any fault happens in any appliance by the flow of too much current by overloading, and protecting the wire and appliances. This type of fuse is also very helpful in reducing the risk of fire damage and any dangerous incidents that can happen due to an electrical shock.