Question

Mrs. Johnson, a high school chemistry teacher, explains the difference between pure substances and mixtures to her class. She tells pure substances and mixtures are two fundamental categories of matter. Pure substances have a uniform and definite composition, consisting of only one type of particle. They can be further classified into elements and compounds. She demonstrates with water (H₂O) and sodium chloride (NaCl), highlighting that compounds have a uniform and definite composition. She shows copper (Cu) as an example of an element, which cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Moving to mixtures, she uses saltwater to illustrate how mixtures consist of two or more substances physically combined, allowing for variable compositions. She then engages students in creating their own mixtures and discussing separation techniques like filtration and evaporation.

Classify each of the following on the basis of their atomicity. (i) Cl₂ (ii) SO₂ (iii) N₂O₃ (iv) C₃H₈ (v) S₈ (vi) H₂O

You start with a container that holds exactly 4 grams of nitrogen gas (N₂). According to your lab manual, the reaction to form ammonia requires nitrogen and hydrogen to combine in a mass ratio of 14 : 3. Given this information, calculate the mass of hydrogen gas (H₂) you need to react completely with your 4 grams of nitrogen gas.

Give the names of the elements present in the following compounds. (i) Table salt (ii) Slaked lime (iii) Vinegar (iv) Baking powder