Question

Distinguish between the two cells enclosed in a mature male gametophyte of an angiosperm.

Study the diagram given below showing the modes of pollination. Answer the questions that follow. (i) The given diagram shows three methods of pollen transfer in plants. Examine them carefully and write the technical terms used for pollen transfer methods '1', '2' and '3'. (ii) How do the following plants achieve pollination successfully ? (a) Water lily (b) Vallisneria (iii) Write advantages of pollen transfer in method '3'.

Student to attempt either option-(A) or (B) :

Mention any four strategies adopted by flowering plants to prevent self-pollination.