Question

Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to accumulation of poisonous wastes in the body, which can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney can be used. An artificial kidney is a device to remove waste products from the blood through dialysis.

Name the blood vessel which brings blood to the kidneys. Why is nephron called a basic filtration unit of kidney ? Write the role of tubular part of nephron in urine formation.

Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons.

Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.

Which part of nephron allows the selective reabsorption of useful substances like glucose, amino acids, salts and water into the blood capillaries?