A rectangular glass block of refractive index 1.5 has an air bubble trapped inside it as shown in the diagram. When seen from the surface AB, it appears to be 4 cm deep.

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TextTotal Internal Reflection and Critical AngleLens Formula and Magnification for Thin LensesReal and Apparent Depth Due to Refraction3 sub-questions

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When a ray of light propagates from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal. When the incident angle is increased, the refracted ray deviates more from the normal. For a particular angle of incidence in the denser medium, the refracted ray just grazes the interface of the two surfaces. This angle of incidence is called the critical angle for the pair of media involved.

CASE_STUDIESTotal Internal Reflection and Critical AngleRefraction at Spherical Surfaces

Trace the path of a ray of light showing refraction through a triangular prism and hence obtain an expression for angle of deviation (δ) in terms of A, i and e, where symbols have their usual meanings. Draw a graph showing the variation of angle of deviation with the angle of incidence.