A lens is a transparent optical medium bounded by two surfaces; at least one of which should be spherical. Considering image formation by a single spherical surface successively at the two surfaces of a lens, lens maker's formula is obtained. It is useful to design lenses of desired focal length using surfaces of suitable radii of curvature. This formula helps us obtain a relation between u, v and f for a lens. Lenses form images of objects and they are used in a number of optical devices, for example microscopes and telescopes.

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CASE_STUDIESRefraction at Spherical SurfacesLens Maker's FormulaCBSE PYQ4 sub-questions

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A plano-convex lens of focal length 16 cm is made of a material of refractive index 1.4. Calculate the radius of the curved surface of the lens.

TextLens Maker's Formula

A lens is a transparent medium bounded by two surfaces, with one or both surfaces being spherical. The focal length of a lens is determined by the radii of curvature of its two surfaces and the refractive index of its medium with respect to that of the surrounding medium. The power of a lens is reciprocal of its focal length. If a number of lenses are kept in contact, the power of the combination is the algebraic sum of the powers of the individual lenses.

CASE_STUDIESPower of a Lens