Assertion (A): The duration of day is longer than what it would be if the Earth had no atmosphere. Reason (R): Atmospheric refraction causes the Sun to appear above the horizon even when it is geometrically below it, thus advancing sunrise and delaying sunset.

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Assertion-ReasonAdvance Sunrise and Delayed Sunset

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Atmospheric refraction is the phenomenon of bending of light on passing through earth's atmosphere. As we move above the surface of earth, density of air goes on decreasing. Local conditions like temperature etc. also affect the optical density of earth's atmosphere. On account of atmospheric refraction, stars seen appear higher than they actual are; advanced sunrise; delayed sunset, oval appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset; stars twinkle, planets do not.

CASE_STUDIESAtmospheric Refraction and Its EffectsTwinkling of StarsAdvance Sunrise and Delayed Sunset

The Sun is visible about 2 minutes before it actually rises above the horizon. This phenomenon is due to:

MCQ (Single)Advance Sunrise and Delayed Sunset